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Vor 8 Stunden · In other respects, the following formal semantics can apply to the language of any propositional logic, but the assumptions that there are only two semantic values , that only one of the two is assigned to each formula in the language (noncontradiction), and that every formula gets assigned a value (excluded middle), are distinctive features of classical logic.
Vor 8 Stunden · Footnote 1 This logic is decidable, but only non-elementarily so, based on the well-known characterization of the set of models of any \( MSO (\omega )\) formula in terms of a finite-state machine . Equivalently, the logic-automaton connection yields a non-elementary decision procedure for a first-order equality theory of streams .
