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Californios (singular Californio) are Hispanic Californians, especially those descended from Spanish and Mexican settlers of the 17th through 19th centuries. California's Spanish-speaking community has resided there since 1683 and is made up of varying Spanish and Mexican origins, including criollos , Mestizos , Indigenous ...
Spanish Colonization and Californios, 1769-1800s. California was on the fringes of the Spanish empire until 1769, when a "sacred expedition" established outposts at San Diego and Monterey. Read full overview | Go to first item.
Californios, elite families that received large land grants from Spain and Mexico, flourished during the 1830s to 1880s. The hand-drawn diseño maps underscore their vital connection to land ownership. The more formal surveyed maps that followed US acquisition of California show changing values regarding land ownership.
Being identified as a Californio, a group of wealthy rancheros in California, came with both privileges and responsibilities within the Spanish monarchy. Californios were landowners of large ranchos and held significant power in the region. On one hand, Californios, including rancheros and residents of ranchos, enjoyed certain benefits that set ...
Richard Griswold del Castillo. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. CaliforniosCalifornios, technically, the Spanish-speaking residents of Alta California during the Spanish and Mexican era (1769–1848). More commonly the term referred to the property-holding elite, the 500 families who were given land grants during this period, ...
Californio society provides an excellent window into both how historical figures forge their own identities and how later generations re-conceive such historical characters based on their own concerns. This narrative interweaves both processes: how those who were the first upon the landscape to self-consciously formulate a
During the Californio era, when California was under Mexican rule, the state witnessed the rise of a Spanish-speaking elite class known as the Californios. Their influence can still be seen in the architecture, place names, and cultural traditions found throughout the state.
