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The phonology of Japanese features a phonemic inventory including five vowels ( /a, e, i, o, u/) and 12 [1] or more consonants (the number of consonant phonemes varies greatly depending on how certain sounds are analyzed). The phonotactics are relatively simple, allowing for few consonant clusters.
- Overview of Word Order in Japanese
- The Basic Word Order of Japanese
- Word Order with Postpositional Phrases
- Word Order with Modifiers
- Asking Questions
- Let’s Practice Making A Sentence in Japanese!
- Conclusion: How JapanesePod101 Can Help You Learn More Japanese
1. Japanese is SOV
Japanese is an SOV language, which means that the basic word order in a sentence is S (subject) – O (object) – V (verb). English, on the other hand, is an SVO language with the order of S (subject) – V (verb) – O (object). (S) (O) (V) Japanese: 私は本を読みます。(Watashi wa hon o yomimasu.) (S) (V) (O) English: “I read the book.”
2. Variable/Flexible Sentence Structure
The Japanese sentence structure is flexible: Thesubject can be omitted when it’s clear from the context/situation. Thesubject and object(s) can be placed in a variable order. (S) (O) (V) (私は)本を読みます。 [(Watashi wa)hon o yomimasu.] = “I read the book.” The subject 私は (watashi wa) can be omitted. (S) (V) (O) English: “I read the book.” In English, the subject can’t be omitted and the verb comes before the object. (S) (O) (V)
Japanese: (私は) 本を読みます。
In Japanese, the subject can be omitted and the verb is always at the end of a sentence. The basic word order in Japanese is variable in that the subject can also appear after the object, and the order of the objects (if there are multiple) is flexible. The postpositional particles are used in a Japanese sentence to modify words.
1. SOV in Japanese
As we saw in the previous section, the basic sentence structure of Japanese is S (subject) – O (object) – V (verb). Japanese parts of speech are usually followed by 助詞 (Joshi), or“particles,”that modify the word in front. The subject is the person or thing that’s being discussed or described in a sentence, and the Japanese subject is usually followed by は (wa) or が (ga),which are 格助詞 (Kaku-Joshi)meaning “case markers” or 係助詞 (Kakari-Joshi) meaning “binding particles.” The object is usually a...
2. Flexible Word Order
As we mentioned earlier, in Japanese grammar, word order is pretty flexible. Look at the diagram of the Japanese sentence structure in 1. 2. above; the word order of the subject and object(s) is flexible. Even though the subject usually appears at the beginning of a sentence, the subject can also be placed in the middle or even be omitted. Let’s take a look at the example. S (subject)–O (object)–V (verb) 1. (私は)明日図書館で友達と本を読みます。 (Watashi wa) ashita toshokan de tomodachi to hon o yomimasu. (I)...
While English uses prepositions (such as “at,” “on,” and “for”) to express a relationship to another word, Japanese uses postpositional particles, or 助詞 (Joshi). These particlescome after the modified noun, verb, adjective, or at the end of a sentence. There are several types of particles, categorized by function. However, we’ll only introduce the ...
With the basic Japanese word order rules in mind, let’s see how it works with modifiers to make more complex sentences. A modifier is a word—such as an adjective, pronoun, or adverb—that expresses something about the word that follows it. Adjectives and pronouns modify nouns; adverbs modify verbs. Here’s the Japanese word order with modifiers by fu...
Making an interrogative sentence in Japanese is surprisingly easy! It doesn’t involve changing the word order or adding an auxiliary verb to form a question, like in English (e.g. You swim. >> Doyou swim?). In Japanese, you only have to add か (ka), a question marker, to the end of a sentence and pronounce it with a rising intonation. Polite / Basic...
Learning by doing is the best way to master! Now, let’s practice making a Japanese sentence, step by step, with the Japanese word order rules you’ve learned today. If you don’t remember anything, feel free to review the sections above! Try to translate the following sentences in Japanese. 1.“You went to the library.” : _________________ 2.“You went...
In this article, we introduced you to Japanese word order. Now you understand how the Japanese sentence structure works. At first, you might feel confused about the flexibility of Japanese word order, but you’ll find it’s actually a lot easier to make complex sentences once you get used to it! If you would like to learn more about the Japanese lang...
16. Okt. 2017 · Verb sequences. In this section, we’ll learn how to describe verbs that happen after, before, and at the same time as another verb. To describe clauses that happen sequentially, we must first learn all the te-form conjugation rules.
The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences® (OEIS®) Enter a sequence, word, or sequence number: Hints Welcome Video. For more information about the Encyclopedia, see the Welcome page. Languages: English Shqip العربية Bangla Български Català 中文 ( 正體字 , 简化字 (1) , 简化字 (2))
18. Apr. 2016 · Japanese sentences are structured around grammatical markers called ‘particles’. Each particle indicates how the word before it relates to other words in the sentence, usually to the verb. The verb appears last, but the order of the other words can vary because it is the particles, not word order, that tell us who did what.
exist in Japanese is nonetheless a major issue in Japanese phonology, be-cause the existence of diphthongs implies that there is a distinction between the mora and the syllable in Japanese. With regard to the existence of diphthongs, Labrune offers three reasons why V. 1. V. 2. sequences in Japanese are not diphthongs but simply a succes-
Serien und Filme mit Japanese sequences: Tora! Tora! Tora! · Tora! Tora! Tora! · Tora! Tora! Tora!
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