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  1. The abolition of the Ottoman sultanate (Turkish: Saltanatın kaldırılması) by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 1 November 1922 ended the Ottoman Empire, which had lasted from c. 1299.

  2. The partitioning of the Empire by the victorious Allies and the ensuing Turkish War of Independence led to the abolition of the sultanate in 1922 and the birth of the modern Republic of Turkey in 1922. [3] Names. The sultan was also referred to as the padishah ( Ottoman Turkish: پادشاه, romanized : pâdişâh, French: Padichah ).

    No.
    Sultan
    Portrait
    1
    c. 1299 – c. 1324 [19] (25 years~)
    2
    c. 1324 – March 1362 (38 years~)
    3
    March 1362 – 15 June 1389 (27 years, 3 ...
    4
    15 June 1389 – 20 July 1402 (13 years, 35 ...
  3. During the period of Ottoman expansion, Ottoman rulers claimed caliphal authority after the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by sultan Selim I in 1517 and the abolition of the Mamluk-controlled Abbasid Caliphate. This left Selim as the Defender of the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina and strengthened the Ottoman claim to leadership in the ...

  4. According to the Ottoman decline thesis, Suleiman's reign was the zenith of the Ottoman classical period, during which Ottoman culture, arts, and political influence flourished. The empire reached its maximum territorial extent in 1683, on the eve of the Battle of Vienna .

  5. The imperial family was deposed from power and the sultanate was abolished on 1 November 1922 during the Turkish War of Independence. The Republic of Turkey was declared the following year.