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In nuclear physics, a magic number is a number of nucleons (either protons or neutrons, separately) such that they are arranged into complete shells within the atomic nucleus. As a result, atomic nuclei with a "magic" number of protons or neutrons are much more stable than other nuclei.
Als Magische Zahlen bezeichnet man in der Kernphysik bestimmte Neutronen- und Protonenzahlen in Atomkernen, bei denen im Grundzustand des Kerns eine höhere Stabilität als bei benachbarten Nukliden beobachtet wird. Solche Kerne selbst werden auch als magische Kerne bezeichnet.
Magic Numbers. = 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126... Nuclei with a magic number of. Z and/or. N are particularly stable, e.g. Binding energy per nucleon is large for magic numbers. Doubly magic nuclei are especially stable. Other notable behaviour includes Greater abundance of isotopes and isotones for magic numbers. e.g.
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Learn about the magic numbers in physics, which indicate stable configurations of electrons and protons in atoms and nuclei. Find out how the magic numbers are related to shell models, energy levels, and chemical properties.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The magic numbers are: proton: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 114. neutron: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126, 184. Also, there is the concept that isotopes consisting a combination of even-even, even-odd, odd-even, and odd-odd are all stable. There are more nuclides that have a combination of even-even than odd-odd.
8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126. These are called Magic numbers in nuclear physics. Comparing to the size of the atomic shells, we can see that the atomic magic numbers are quite different from the nuclear ones (as expected since there are two-types of particles and other differences.) Only the guiding principle is the same.
1. Okt. 2008 · This discovery opened the path to great progress in the understanding of nuclear structure and these magic numbers were the cornerstones for future theoretical developments in nuclear physics. The permanence of these nuclear magic numbers remained a dogma for several decades.
