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A comprehensive guide to Sylvia Plath's only novel, The Bell Jar, which explores the themes of identity, mental health, and social pressures. Find plot summaries, character analyses, quotes, and more to help you understand and appreciate this classic work of feminist literature.
- Important Quotes Explained
This quotation, which concludes the first section of Chapter...
- Suggestions for Further Reading
A suggested list of literary criticism on Sylvia Plath's...
- Chapters 13 & 14
A summary of Chapters 13 & 14 in Sylvia Plath's The Bell...
- Symbols
The bell jar is an inverted glass jar, generally used to...
- Suggested Essay Topics
2. Choose a poem by Sylvia Plath and relate its imagery to...
- Mini Essays
The Bell Jar revolves around Esther’s journey of...
- Important Quotes Explained
A comprehensive guide to Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar, a classic coming-of-age novel about a young woman's mental breakdown. Find summaries, analysis, themes, quotes, characters, symbols, and more.
- Overview
- Summary
- Legacy
The Bell Jar, novel by Sylvia Plath, first published in January 1963 under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas and later released posthumously under her real name. The work, a thinly veiled autobiography, chronicles a young woman’s mental breakdown and eventual recovery, while also exploring societal expectations of women in the 1950s. Plath committed sui...
The Bell Jar details the life of Esther Greenwood, a college student who dreams of becoming a poet. She is selected for a month-long summer internship as a guest editor of Ladies’ Day magazine, but her time in New York City is unfulfilling as she struggles with issues of identity and societal norms. She meets two other interns who manifest contrasting views of femininity as well as Esther’s own internal conflicts: the rebellious and sexual Doreen and the wholesome and virginal Betsy. During this time, Esther thinks about her boyfriend, Buddy Willard, and her anger when he admitted that he was not a virgin, claiming to have been seduced. She believes he is a hypocrite, having acted as if she was more sexually experienced. After being rejected for a writing class, Esther must spend the rest of her summer at home with her mother; Esther’s father died when she was young. She struggles to write a novel and becomes increasingly despondent, making several half-hearted suicide attempts. She ultimately overdoses on sleeping pills but survives.
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Esther is admitted to a mental institute, where she is treated by a progressive psychiatrist who, among other things, eases her concerns about premarital sex and encourages her to obtain a diaphragm. In addition, Esther undergoes electric-shock treatment, which makes her feel as if she has been freed from a bell jar. While on a night pass, Esther loses her virginity, which she sees as a millstone. When she begins hemorrhaging, she seeks the help of another patient, Joan, who goes with her to the emergency room. Shortly thereafter Joan commits suicide, and her death seems to quell Esther’s own suicidal thoughts. The novel ends with a seemingly reborn Esther about to face the examination board, which will decide if she can go home.
Initially celebrated for its dry self-deprecation and ruthless honesty, The Bell Jar is now read as a damning critique of 1950s social politics. Plath made clear connections between Esther’s dawning awareness of the limited female roles available to her and her increasing sense of isolation and paranoia. The contradictory expectations imposed upon women in relation to sexuality, motherhood, and intellectual achievement are linked to Esther’s sense of herself as fragmented. Her eventual recovery relies on her ability to dismiss the dominant versions of femininity that populate the novel.
Although concerned with the stifling atmosphere of 1950s America, The Bell Jar is not limited to examination of gender. The novel opens with the sentence “It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the Rosenbergs,” which refers to Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, who were convicted of spying for the Soviet Union. This allusion to the Cold War and McCarthyism makes implicit connections between Esther’s experiences and the other paranoias and betrayals that characterized the decade.
The novel was inspired by events that occurred when Plath was in her early 20s. Although the work ends on a hopeful note, Plath took her own life in 1963. Her acclaimed poetry collection Ariel (1965) was published posthumously.
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- Sylvia Plath, Frances Monson McCullough, Lois Ames
- 1963
Die Glasglocke ( englisch The Bell Jar) ist der einzige Roman der amerikanischen Schriftstellerin Sylvia Plath, die vor allem als Lyrikerin bekannt wurde. Er begleitet seine Protagonistin Esther Greenwood durch den Sommer des Jahres 1953, der mit einem ereignisreichen Volontariat bei einem New Yorker Modemagazin beginnt und in eine ...
Learn about the plot, themes, and impact of Sylvia Plath's semi-autobiographical novel The Bell Jar, which depicts a young woman's struggle with depression and society. Find study guides, related works, and suggested readings on eNotes.com.
21. Okt. 2021 · “The Bell Jar” is a novel about the events of Sylvia Plath’s 20th year: about how she tried to die, and how they stuck her together with glue. It is a fine novel, as bitter and...
A comprehensive overview of Sylvia Plath's novel The Bell Jar, which follows the mental breakdown and recovery of Esther Greenwood, a college student in 1953. Learn about the themes, characters, symbols, and quotes of this classic work of fiction.
