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Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers ( / tiˈɛər / tee-AIR, French: [maʁi ʒɔzɛf lwi adɔlf tjɛʁ]; 15 April 1797 – 3 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian. He was the second elected President of France and first President of the Third Republic . Thiers was a key figure in the July Revolution of 1830, which overthrew King ...
In the Third Republic, especially between 1895 and 1914 “Solidarité” ["solidarism"] was the guiding concept of a liberal social policy, whose chief champions were the prime ministers Leon Bourgeois (1895–96) and Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau (1899-1902). The French welfare state expanded when it tried to followed some of Bismarck's policies.
The Constitution of the French Republic of 27 October 1946 was the constitution of the French Fourth Republic. Adopted by the Constituent Assembly of 1946 [ fr ] on 29 September 1946, [7] [b] [c] and promulgated by Georges Bidault , president of the Provisional Government of the French Republic , on 27 October 1946, [3] it was published in the Official Journal of the French Republic the next day.
1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate in Versailles , the French Parliament was called the National Assembly ( Assemblée nationale ) and carried out the election of the president of the French Republic .
The President of the Third Republic had significantly less executive powers than those of the previous two republics had. The Third Republic lasted until the invasion of France by Nazi Germany in 1940. Following the end of the war, the French Fourth Republic was constituted along similar lines in 1946. The Fourth Republic saw an era of great ...
Revolutionary France 1770-1880 (1995), pp 492–537. survey of political history by leading scholar; Hutton, Patrick H., ed. Historical Dictionary of the Third French Republic, 1870–1940 (Greenwood, 1986) online edition [liên kết hỏng] Larkin, Maurice. France since the Popular Front: Government and People, 1936–1986 (Oxford UP, 1988)
French Navy. The French Navy ( French: Marine nationale, lit. 'National Navy'), informally La Royale, is the maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the four military service branches of France. It is among the largest and most powerful naval forces in the world recognised as being a blue-water navy.
