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Blahoslavený Pius IX. ( 13. května 1792 Senigallia – 7. února 1878 Řím ), vlastním jménem Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti byl 255. papežem katolické církve (1846–1878). Jeho pontifikát byl nejdelší doložený v historii papežství [pozn. 1], trval více než 31 let (přesněji 11 559 dní).
Pope Pius IX and Judaism. The relations between Pope Pius IX and Judaism were off to a good start at the beginning of his papacy, but relations later soured after anti-clerical revolutions removed most of the pontiff's temporal power, and he stiffened into intolerance. While Pius rejected charges of antisemitism, the rift created by the Mortara ...
Pope Pius IX was deeply religious and shared a strong devotion to the Virgin Mary with many of his contemporaries, who made major contributions to Roman Catholic Mariology. Marian doctrines featured prominently in 19th century theology, especially the issue of the Immaculate Conception of Mary. During his pontificate petitions increased ...
Quanta cura ( Latin for "With how great care") was a papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius IX on 8 December 1864. In it, he decried what he considered significant errors afflicting the modern age. These he listed in an attachment called the Syllabus of Errors, which condemned secularism and religious indifferentism .
Pope Pius IX in 1871. After long negotiations, and possibly because of the lingering Polish crises, Russia agreed to diplomatic relations with the Vatican in 1861. Tsar Alexander II claimed that only politically revolutionary elements were punished. On August 20, the Pope protested and ordered a prayer novena for the persecuted Church.
Pius IX was not only Pope, but until 1870 also the Sovereign Ruler of the Papal States. His rule was considered secular and as such he was occasionally accorded the title "king". However whether this was ever a title accepted by the Holy See is unclear. One of the most fervent contemporary critic of his
1849 attack on the Roman Republic. When the Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states broke out, there was a rebellion against Pope Pius IX in Rome, forcing him to flee to Gaeta. The Pope appealed for support; and French President Louis Napoleon (the future Napoleon III) encouraged Pius IX and assured him of reinforcements from France.
