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Meghalaya ist ein indischer Bundesstaat mit einer Fläche von 22.429 km² und knapp 3 Millionen Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Die Hauptstadt Meghalayas ist Shillong (auf 1500 m Höhe, 143.000 Einwohner), die Hauptsprachen sind Khasi und Garo; neben diesen dient Englisch als weitere Amtssprache.
- 22.429 km²
- Shillong
- 21. Januar 1972
- Bundesstaat
Leader's seat. Shillong. Did not contest. Last election. 48.67%, 1 seat. 22.45%, 1 seat. Lok Sabha seats of Meghalaya. The 2024 Indian general election in Meghalaya was held on 19 April 2024 to elect 2 members of 18th Lok Sabha .
Meghalaya (/ ˌ m eɪ ɡ ə ˈ l eɪ ə /, or / m eɪ ˈ ɡ ɑː l ə j ə /, lit. "the abode of clouds") is a state in northeast India. Meghalaya was formed on 21 January 1972 by carving out two districts from the state of Assam: (a) the United Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills and (b) the Garo Hills. The estimated population of ...
- Overview
- Relief and drainage
- Climate
- Plant and animal life
- People
- Agriculture
- Resources and power
- Manufacturing
Meghalaya, state of India, located in the northeastern part of the country. It is bounded by the Indian state of Assam to the north and northeast and by Bangladesh to the south and southwest. The state capital is the hill town of Shillong, located in east-central Meghalaya.
Meghalaya—alaya (“abode”) and megha (“of the clouds”)—occupies a mountainous plateau of great scenic beauty. It became a state in 1972. Area 8,660 square miles (22,429 square km). Pop. (2011) 2,964,007.
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Meghalaya is an upland area formed by a detached block of the Deccan plateau. Its summits vary in elevation from 4,000 to 6,000 feet (1,220 to 1,830 metres). The Garo Hills in the west rise abruptly from the Brahmaputra River valley to about 1,000 feet (300 metres) and then merge with the Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills, adjacent highland systems tha...
The climate of Meghalaya is generally mild. In August the mean temperature at Shillong (in the Khasi Hills) is in the low 70s F (about 21–23 °C); it falls to the upper 40s F (about 8–10 °C) in January.
One of the world’s wettest regions is found in Meghalaya—Cherrapunji, which has an average annual precipitation of about 450 inches (11,430 mm) during monsoon season (from May to September). (Rainfall at Cherrapunji may be exceeded, however, by that at Mawsynram, a village directly west of Cherrapunji, where rainfall totals of some 700 inches [17,800 mm] per year have been recorded.) Annual rainfall in Shillong, only about 50 miles (80 km) from Cherrapunji, is about 90 inches (2,290 mm). During the winter months (December to February), the climate is relatively dry.
Meghalaya is blanketed in lush forests, and pines, sals, and bamboo are plentiful. Other species include oak, birch, beech, and magnolia. Elephants, tigers, leopards, deer, wild pigs, gaurs (wild bison), mithan (or gayals, the domesticated form of the gaur), wolves, anteaters, monkeys, apes, squirrels, snakes, hares, and sambar deer are all found in the state. Birds in Meghalaya include peacocks, partridges, pigeons, hornbills, jungle fowls, mynas, and parrots.
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Most of the inhabitants of Meghalaya are Tibeto-Burman (Garos) or Mon-Khmer (Khasis) in origin, and their languages and dialects belong to these groups. The Khasis are the only people in India who speak a Mon-Khmer language. Khasi and Garo along with Jaintia and English are the state’s official languages; other languages spoken in the state include Pnar-Synteng, Nepali, and Haijong, as well as the plains languages of Bengali, Assamese, and Hindi.
Christianity, Hinduism, and animistic forms of Hinduism are the major religions in the area. There are also a small minority of Muslims and even smaller groups of Buddhists and Sikhs.
Agriculture is the dominant economic activity of the state. The main crops grown in Meghalaya are rice, millet, corn (maize), potatoes, pepper, chilies, cotton, ginger, jute, betel nuts, fruits (including oranges and mangoes), and vegetables. Communal land ownership is common, but jhum (shifting cultivation) has eroded the soil.
Meghalaya has abundant but untapped natural resources, including coal, limestone, kaolin, feldspar, quartz, mica, gypsum, bauxite, and other minerals. Its sillimanite deposits (a source of high-grade ceramic clay) are reputedly the best in the world and account for almost all of India’s sillimanite output. Electricity is produced through several hy...
Meghalaya has no heavy industries; small-scale industries include the manufacture of cement, plywood, and foodstuffs.
Meghalaya ist ein indischer Bundesstaat mit einer Fläche von 22.429 km² und knapp 3 Millionen Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Die Hauptstadt Meghalayas ist Shillong (auf 1500 m Höhe, 143.000 Einwohner), die Hauptsprachen sind Khasi und Garo; neben diesen dient Englisch als weitere Amtssprache.
The Meghalaya Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Meghalaya. Constituted as a directly elected body in 1972, it has 60 members, filled through direct elections held every five years. Like other Indian states, Meghalaya has a parliamentary system of government. The executive branch of the ...
Meghalaya liegt im Nordosten von Indien. Regionen [ Bearbeiten ] Meghalaya bedeutet Heimstätte der Wolken , der Staat liegt zwischen dem indischen Bundesstaat Assam im Norden und Bangladesch im Süden.
