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LitCharts offers a comprehensive analysis of Brooklyn, Colm Tóibín's 2009 novel about Irish immigration to America. Find plot summary, themes, quotes, characters, symbols, and more.
- Plot Summary Plot
In Brooklyn, Eilis moves into a house owned by an Irish...
- Summary & Analysis
When Eilis decides not to voice her misgivings about moving...
- Themes
In Brooklyn, Colm Tóibín spotlights the difficulties...
- Quotes
Find the quotes you need in Colm Tóibín's Brooklyn, sortable...
- Characters
Need help on characters in Colm Tóibín's Brooklyn? Check out...
- Symbols
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- Part Two
Eilis ’s room in Brooklyn is in a house owned by an Irish...
- Part Three
Eilis worries aloud that the other girls in the house will...
- Plot Summary Plot
In Brooklyn, Eilis moves into a house owned by an Irish woman in Father Flood’s parish named Mrs. Kehoe. Her roommates include two older Irish women named Miss McAdam and Sheila Heffernan , along with two younger women named Diana and Patty .
These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Brooklyn by Colm Toibin. Brooklyn study guide contains a biography of Colm Toibin, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.
These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Brooklyn by Colm Toibin. Brooklyn study guide contains a biography of Colm Toibin, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.
- Introduction
- Eilis Lacey and Irish Migration
- An Immobile Migration: Ireland and America as One Place
- Eilis’S Migration as An Incomplete Initiatory Journey
- Conclusion
- Adapting The Ending of Brooklyn
Colm Tóibín was born in 1955 in Enniscorthy, County Wexford, Ireland, and started writing poetry and stories at the age of twelve, soon after the death of his father. He graduated from University College Dublin and began a career in journalism after living in Barcelona for three years, where he taught English. He wrote nine novels: The South (1990)...
1.1 Ireland, contemporary Irish fiction and migration
The Republic of Ireland and Irish literature have a specific relationship with migration. Irish people have emigrated from their country since the eighteenth century, although the peak of Irish migration was reached in the middle of the nineteenth century, during the Great Famine, leading millions to move out of Ireland, notably to North America. Although migration is omnipresent in Irish history, literary narratives about mobility were scarce until the second half of the twentieth century. I...
1.2 The emigration of women as a means for their emancipation
More specifically, Brooklyn provides an insight into the historical reality of Irish female emigrants, through Eilis Lacey’s perspective. It was only from the 1990s that Irish fiction started to picture the migration of women, who were historically more numerous than Irish male emigrants between 1871 and 1971 (McWilliams, 2013, 24). Nonetheless, they were not widely represented in literature because their mobility contradicted the ideal which the newly independent Irish State projected on the...
1.3 An illusory opposition between Ireland and America
Before migrating, Eilis perceives her Irish homeland and her future North American home-state as antithetic, because she associates the former with her family’s expectations and the latter with freedom. Nevertheless, her binary vision, which will be contradicted by her actual experience of North America, is a product of her idealisation, and of the influence of the ‘American Dream’ that every migrant seeks. Eilis sees her homeland, Ireland, as an obsolete and traditional society. In Enniscort...
2.1 Migration and the diasporic experience
Eilis is fundamentally ‘mobile’ in the sense that she moves to another space, Brooklyn, and that she undergoes an identity shift, from being subdued to progressively emancipated, from being exclusively Irish to being both Irish and American. Therefore, America seems to be a place of inclusion, open to a diversity of diasporic groups. In the introduction to Women and Exile in Contemporary Irish Fiction, Ellen McWilliams points out that the notion of ‘diaspora’ interrogates the relationship bet...
2.2 Ireland and America: two interchangeable countries
By settling in the Irish parish of Brooklyn, Eilis finds ‘Ireland’ in America. This contradicts her pre-migration conception of America as a place of freedom, for Irish traditions are what she is once again confronted to in her home-state. Father Flood himself describes Brooklyn as a ‘Little Ireland’ to Eilis: “‘Parts of Brooklyn,’ Father Flood replied, ‘are just like Ireland. They’re full of Irish.’” (Tóibín, 2010, 22) Brooklyn and Ireland can thus be considered as similar places, because th...
2.3 Eilis’s migration as a failed attempt to escape her fate and duty
Eilis’s mobility disrupts her identity more than it makes it clearer to her. Migrating to America tore her between two spaces, two worlds, between which she cannot choose. As argued before, she hoped to find freedom and to escape Irish traditionalism in Brooklyn. However, because North America reminds Eilis of Ireland, she finds in her home-state what she wanted to escape in her homeland, namely duty. To Eilis, Enniscorthy is associated with her family and filial responsibilities, because of...
3.1 Eilis’s duality: one body, two selves and spaces
Migrating is an opportunity for Eilis to become someone else than who she is expected to be in Ireland. She does change by going to America: she undergoes a complex identity shift throughout her journey, which can be understood as ‘initiatory’. Upon arriving in Brooklyn, Eilis still feels exclusively Irish and considers herself as an alien in America, which is evidenced by her homesickness: “She was nobody here. It was not just that she had no friends and family; it was rather that she was a...
3.2 Eilis, a silent and passive character
Eilis’s inability to unite the part of her that is Irish with the American one traps her in a circle that partially excludes evolution. Before migrating, she was a silent and passive daughter, and when she comes back, her emancipated American self barely shows and she still has no voice or agency. Before moving to Brooklyn, Eilis was indeed a character “without voice” (Young, 2014, 131), that is to say that she let others speak and decide for her without questioning their choice. She remained...
3.3 The daughter of James Joyce’s “Eveline”
Eilis Lacey is reminiscent of a famous female protagonist in Irish literature: James Joyce’s Eveline. In 1904, Joyce published “Eveline” , a short story that is part of Dubliners. Eveline is a young Irish girl who has the opportunity to leave Dublin on a ship to Argentina with her fiancé Frank, and yet chooses to stay home with her violent father, out of duty. Joyce’s short story may be compared to Tóibín’s novel as the two female protagonists share several characteristics: their names are “a...
Colm Tóibín therefore creates a paradoxically immobile emigration story: Eilis’s migration and initiatory process can be considered as static because instead of reconciling her two spatial and cultural identities, she loses her very sense of identity. John Crowley’s 2015 film adaptation of the novel contrasts with this analysis. While the film is m...
At the end of Colm Tóibín’s novel, Eilis Lacey, who is visiting her family in Enniscorthy after the death of her sister Rose, learns that the local shop owner Miss Kelly knows from her cousin Mrs. Kehoe that Eilis married an American man. Eilis decides to go back to America on the first ship in order to avoid a public scandal relating to her relati...
Need help on characters in Colm Tóibín's Brooklyn? Check out our detailed character descriptions. From the creators of SparkNotes.
Brooklyn is a 2009 historical fiction novel written by Colm Tóibín. The book follows Eilis Lacey as she emigrates from Ireland to Brooklyn in the 1950s, finding a job in a department store and falling in love with a young Italian man named Tony.
