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  1. 19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia. Contents. hide. (Top) Brief historical outline. Influences from the late Enlightenment. Philosophical schools and tendencies. German idealism. Utilitarianism. Marxism. Existentialism. Positivism. Pragmatism. British idealism. Transcendentalism. Social Darwinism. Ontologism. See also. References. Further reading.

  2. Die Philosophie des 19. Jahrhunderts reicht von der Romantik und dem Idealismus als einen der Höhepunkte der deutschen Philosophie über die vor allem in Frankreich und England starke Gegenbewegung des Positivismus, den Materialismus von Marx und Feuerbach und so starke Einzeldenker wie Schopenhauer, Nietzsche und Kierkegaard bis ...

  3. 19th century. The 19th century was a rich and diverse period in philosophy. In it, the term "philosophy" acquired the distinctive meaning used today as a discipline that is distinct from the empirical sciences and mathematics. A rough division between two types of philosophical approaches in this period can be drawn.

  4. Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi ( German: [jaˈkoːbi]; 25 January 1743 – 10 March 1819) was an influential German philosopher, literary figure, and socialite.

  5. Contents. The 19th century. Kant’s death in 1804 formally marked the end of the Enlightenment. The 19th century ushered in new philosophical problems and new conceptions of what philosophy ought to do. It was a century of great philosophical diversity.

  6. From the ancient world (at least since Aristotle) until the 19th century, natural philosophy was the common term for the study of physics (nature), a broad term that included botany, zoology, anthropology, and chemistry as well as what we now call physics.