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Franz Joseph (born August 18, 1830, Schloss Schönbrunn, near Vienna, Austria—died November 21, 1916, Schloss Schönbrunn) was the emperor of Austria (1848–1916) and king of Hungary (1867–1916), who divided his empire into the Dual Monarchy, in which Austria and Hungary coexisted as equal partners.
Joseph II. ist einer der bekanntesten Vertreter des aufgeklärten Absolutismus. Er war ein den Ideen des aufgeklärten Rationalismus verpflichteter Monarch, der zahlreiche, zum Teil tief greifende Reformen im Sinne der "Nützlichkeit" in der Habsburgermonarchie durchführte.
Franz Joseph Karl (* 12. Februar 1768 in Florenz; † 2. März 1835 in Wien) aus dem Haus Habsburg-Lothringen war von 1792 bis 1806 als Franz II. der letzte Kaiser des Heiligen Römischen Reiches. 1804 begründete er das Kaisertum Österreich, das er als Franz I. bis zu seinem Tod regierte.
Joseph II (born March 13, 1741, Vienna, Austria—died Feb. 20, 1790, Vienna) was the Holy Roman emperor (1765–90), at first coruler with his mother, Maria Theresa (1765–80), and then sole ruler (1780–90) of the Austrian Habsburg dominions.
Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I ( German: Franz Joseph Karl [fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈkaʁl]; Hungarian: Ferenc József Károly [ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈjoːʒɛf ˈkaːroj]; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until his death in 1916. [1] .
Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Alois of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923. Franz Joseph was an extremely popular sovereign in Liechtenstein.
Joseph II (German: Josef Benedikt Anton Michael Adam; English: Joseph Benedict Anthony Michael Adam; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from 18 August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 29 November 1780 until his death.
