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Scholars debate the precise number of democratic waves. Huntington describes three waves: the first "slow" wave of the 19th century, a second wave after World War II, and a third wave beginning in the mid-1970s in southern Europe, followed by Latin America and Asia.
The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century is a 1991 book by Samuel P. Huntington which outlines the significance of a third wave of democratization to describe the global trend that has seen more than 60 countries throughout Europe, Latin America, Asia, and Africa undergo some form of democratic transitions since ...
- Samuel P. Huntington
- 1991
His many books include The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century (1991) and The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (1996). View all work by Samuel P. Huntington. Subject. Democratic transition, Economic development, Globalization, Governance, Political theory.
- Justin Daniels
1. März 2019 · The decline of democratic regime attributes – autocratization – has emerged as a conspicuous global challenge. Democratic setbacks in countries as diverse as Brazil, Burundi, Hungary, Russia, Serbia, and Turkey have sparked a new generation of studies on autocratization. 1.
- Anna Lührmann, Staffan I. Lindberg
- 2019
the third wave are likely to continue operating, to gain in strength, to weaken, or to be supplemented or replaced by new forces promoting democratization. Five major factors have contributed significantly to the occurrence and the timing of the third-wave transitions to democracy:
- 850KB
- 24
2. Dez. 2022 · This cluster illustrates both the resilience of certain third-wave democracies, but also points to the weakening of media freedom and civic engagement as a potential early warning sign ahead of a more comprehensive backsliding process that encompasses also the institutional and electoral dimensions.
The initial optimism that greeted the onset of the “Third Wave” of democratization has cooled with the instability of many new democracies and the proliferation of stable competitive authoritarian regimes.
