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The Kingdom of Great Britain [e] was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 [5] to the end of 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the kingdoms of England (including Wales) and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands, with the exception of the Isle of ...
Edward III transformed the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. His fifty-year reign is one of the longest in English history , and saw vital developments in legislation and government, in particular the evolution of the English Parliament , as well as the ravages of the Black Death .
After England and Scotland were united as one kingdom by the Acts of Union 1707, the Scottish regalia were locked away in a chest, [82] and the English regalia continued to be used by British monarchs. Gemstones were hired for coronations – the fee typically being 4% of their value – and replaced with glass and crystals for display in the Jewel House, a practice that continued until the ...
Owing to England's influential position within the United Kingdom it can sometimes be difficult to differentiate English culture from the culture of the United Kingdom as a whole. [1] However, tracing its origins back to the early Anglo-Saxon era, England cultivated an increasingly distinct cultural heritage.
Though regarded as a model king during the four centuries after his death, [8] and seen as a pious hero by his subjects, [9] from the 17th century onward he was gradually perceived by historians as a ruler who preferred to use his kingdom merely as a source of revenue to support his armies, rather than regarding England as a responsibility requiring his presence as ruler. [10]
In 1707, the kingdoms of England and Scotland merged into the Kingdom of Great Britain. In accordance with the Treaty of Union , the currency of Great Britain was sterling, with the pound Scots soon being replaced by sterling at the pegged value.
Politics of England forms the major part of the wider politics of the United Kingdom, with England being more populous than all the other countries of the United Kingdom put together. As England is also by far the largest in terms of area and GDP, its relationship to the UK is somewhat different from that of Scotland , Wales or Northern Ireland .
