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Vor 2 Tagen · The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (/ ˈ f æ t ɪ m ɪ d /; Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْفَاطِمِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
Vor 2 Tagen · The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire ( / əˈbæsɪd, ˈæbəsɪd /; Arabic: الْخِلَافَة الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, romanized : al-Khilāfa al-ʿAbbāsiyya) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE ), from whom the dynasty takes its name. [6] .
Vor 3 Tagen · Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham ( Latinized as Alhazen; / ælˈhæzən /; full name Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham أبو علي، الحسن بن الحسن بن الهيثم; c. 965 – c. 1040) was a medieval mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age from present-day Iraq.
Vor einem Tag · During his tenure, Saladin, a Sunni Muslim, began to undermine the Fatimid establishment; following al-Adid's death in 1171, he abolished the Cairo-based Isma'ili Shia Muslim Fatimid Caliphate and realigned Egypt with the Baghdad-based Sunni Abbasid Caliphate.
Vor einem Tag · After the Second Crusade, Nur ad-Din's general Shirkuh, who had established himself in Egypt on Fatimid land, was succeeded by Saladin. In time, Saladin rebelled against Nur ad-Din , and, upon his death, Saladin married his widow and captured most of Syria and created the Ayyubid dynasty.
Vor 3 Tagen · 1174–1193), who replaced the Fatimid Caliphate's black African infantry with mamluks. Each Ayyubid sultan and high-ranking emir had a private mamluk corps. Most of the mamluks in the Ayyubids' service were ethnic Kipchak Turks from Central Asia, who, upon entering service, were converted to Sunni Islam and taught Arabic.
Vor 2 Tagen · t. e. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, [a] also known as the Church of the Resurrection, [b] is a fourth-century church in the Christian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. [1] It is considered to be the holiest site for Christians in the world and has been the most important pilgrimage site for Christians since the fourth century .
