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  1. Prince William of Hesse-Kassel (24 December 1787 – 5 September 1867) was the first son of Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen. He was titular Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel-(Rumpenheim) and for many years heir presumptive to the throne of Hesse-Kassel.

    • The Reign of William I
    • The Revolution of 1830
    • Annexation by Prussia

    The reign of the Landgrave William IX was an important epoch in the history of Hesse-Kassel. Ascending the throne in 1785, he took part in the War of the First Coalition against French First Republic a few years later, but in 1795 the Peace of Basel was signed. In 1801 he lost his possessions on the left bank of the Rhine, but in 1803 he was compen...

    The July Revolution in Paris gave the signal for disturbances; William II was forced to summon the Estates, and on 6 January 1831, a constitution on the ordinary Liberal basis[clarification needed] was signed. The Elector now retired to Hanau, appointed his son Frederick Williamas regent, and took no further part in public affairs. Frederick Willia...

    In 1866, the end came. The elector, Frederick William, full of grievances against Prussia, threw in his lot with Austria; the electorate was at once overrun with Prussian troops; Kassel was occupied (20 June); and the Elector was taken as a prisoner to Stettin. By the Peace of Prague, Hesse-Kassel was annexed to Prussia. The elector Frederick Willi...

    • Absolute monarchy
  2. Frederick William (born Aug. 20, 1802—died Jan. 6, 1875, Prague) was the elector of Hesse-Kassel from 1847 after 16 years’ co-regency with his father; he was noted for his reactionary stand against liberalizing trends manifested during the revolutionary events of 1848.