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29. Oktober ( Feiertag der Republik ) Die Türkei ( türkisch Türkiye; amtlich Republik Türkei, in der Schweiz amtlich und in deutscher förmlicher Kommunikation Republik Türkiye, [7] türkisch Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, kurz T.C.) ist ein Einheitsstaat im vorderasiatischen Anatolien und südosteuropäischen Ostthrakien .
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- Präsident
Der Präsident der Republik (türkisch: Cumhurbaşkanı) ist das...
- Geographische Gebiete Der Türkei
Regionen der Türkei: 1. Marmararegion, 2. Zentralanatolien,...
- Städte in der Türkei
Geschichtlicher Abriss. Ansätze zu einer kommunalen...
- Volksgruppen in der Türkei
Zu den Bevölkerungsgruppen in der Türkei zählen Türken,...
- Türkische Lira
Die türkische Lira (türkisch türk lirası, von lateinisch...
- Ankara
Ankara [ˈaŋkara], früher Angora (antiker Name altgriechisch...
- Gaziantep
Gaziantep (arabisch عينتاب, DMG ʿAyintāb oder عنتاب /...
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Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 18th-largest by nominal and 11th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States.
- Prehistory
- Anatolia and Thrace in Classical Antiquity
- Byzantine Period
- Early History of The Turks
- Seljuk Empire
- Ottoman Empire
- Republic of Turkey
- See Also
- Bibliography
Human habitation in Anatolia dates back to the Paleolithic. The earliest representations of culture in Anatolia were Stone Age artifacts. Artifacts from the Paleolithic erahave been found scattered through Anatolia, and many are currently housed in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara, in the Archaeological Museum in Antalya, and in othe...
Classical Anatolia
The classical history of Anatolia can be roughly subdivided into the classical period and Hellenistic Anatolia, ending with the conquest of the region by the Roman empirein the second century BC. After the fall of the Hittites, the new states of Phrygia and Lydia stood strong on the western coast as Greek civilization began to flourish. They, and all the rest of Anatolia were relatively soon after incorporated into the Achaemenid Persian Empire. As Persia grew in strength, their system of loc...
Thrace
The Thracians (Ancient Greek: Θρᾷκες, Latin: Thraci) were a group of Indo-European tribes inhabiting a large area in Central and Southeastern Europe. They were bordered by the Scythians to the north, the Celts and the Illyrians to the west, the Ancient Greeks to the south and the Black Sea to the east. They spoke the Thracian language – a scarcely attested branch of the Indo-European language family. The study of Thracians and Thracian culture is known as Thracology. Starting around 1200 BC,...
The Persian Achaemenid Empire fell to Alexander the Great in 334 BC, which led to increasing cultural homogeneity and Hellenization in the area. Following Alexander's death in 323 BC, Anatolia was subsequently divided into a number of small Hellenistic kingdoms, all of which became part of the Roman Republic by the mid-1st century BC. The process o...
Historians generally agree that the first Turkic people lived in a region extending from Central Asia to Siberia. Historically they were established after the 6th century BC. The earliest separate Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu confederation about 200 BC (contemporaneous with the Chinese Han Dynasty). The first menti...
The Seljuq Turkmens created a medieval empire that controlled a vast area stretching from the Hindu Kush to eastern Anatolia and from Central Asia to the Persian Gulf. From their homelands near the Aral sea, the Seljuqs advanced first into Khorasan and then into mainland Persiabefore eventually conquering eastern Anatolia. The Seljuq/Seljuk empire ...
The Ottoman beylik's first capital was located in Bursa in 1326. Edirne which was conquered in 1361 was the next capital city. After largely expanding to Europe and Anatolia, in 1453, the Ottomans nearly completed the conquest of the Byzantine Empire by capturing its capital, Constantinople during the reign of Mehmed II. Constantinople was made the...
The occupation of some parts of the country by the Allies in the aftermath of World War I prompted the establishment of the Turkish National Movement. The Turkish Provisional Government in Ankara, which had declared itself the legitimate government of the country on 23 April 1920, started to formalize the legal transition from the old Ottoman into ...
Ahmad, Feroz. The Making of Modern Turkey(Routledge, 1993),Barkey, Karen. Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective. (2008) 357pp excerpt and text searchEissenstat, Howard. "Children of Özal: The New Face of Turkish Studies" Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 1#1 (2014), pp. 23–35 DOI: 10.2979/jottturstuass.1.1-2.23 onlineFindley, Carter V. The Turks in World History (2004) ISBN 0-19-517726-6Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Geography of Turkey; Continent: Europe and Asia: Region: Southern Europe and West Asia: Coordinates: Area: Ranked 36th • Total: 783,562 km 2 (302,535 sq mi) • Land: 98% • Water: 2%: Coastline: 7,200 km (4,500 mi) Borders: Total land borders: 2648 km Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km,
The Republic of Turkey was created after the overthrow of Sultan Mehmed VI by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1922 by the new Republican Parliament in 1923. This new regime delivered the coup de grâce to the Ottoman state which had been practically wiped away from the world stage following the First World War .
