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1. Cold War propaganda promoted the virtues and advantages of one system, while criticising or demonising the other. This propaganda was particularly intense during the 1950s and 1960s. 2. Early forms of propaganda, such as animations like Make Mine Freedom and short films like Red Nightmare, contained explicit political messages and warnings ...
8. Feb. 2021 · Since the Cold War’s official end in 1991, state propaganda has become far more transparent. Whatever limited separation once existed between the mainstream media and government propaganda has all but vanished. Starting in 2002, the Pentagon recruited more than 75 generals to promote DoD propaganda on national television networks ...
- Gerald Sussman
- 2021
- Overview
- Marshall Plan
- Truman Doctrine
- De-Stalinization
- Containment
- Domino Theory
- Brezhnev Doctrine
- Eurocommunism
- Détente
- Ostpolitik
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The Cold War was a strategic and tactical contest to influence the nature of the governments and societies of the world’s countries. On one hand, the United States and its allies sought to spread democratic capitalism; on the other, the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China attempted to export their versions of communism. In seeking to advance their worldviews, the superpowers provided military, material, technical, and financial aid to countries they hoped to bring into their spheres of influence. They formulated policies aimed at advancing their geopolitical agendas, blocking their rival’s advance, and deciding when and how to intervene in the affairs of other countries. Much thought and effort went into trying to understand each other’s motives, objectives, and strategies and how to best counter them. On both sides there were a number of schools of thought regarding these matters, and through the course of the Cold War policies on both sides went through many changes big and small. Below you will also find examples of the era’s war of words as reflected in some its most important organs of propaganda and most famous speeches.
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•Intro
•Major Events
•Alliances & Leaders
•Red Scare
Fearing that poverty, unemployment, and dislocation were reinforcing the appeal of communist parties to voters in post-World War II western Europe, the United States implemented the European Recovery Program. Popularly known as the Marshall Plan for its creator, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall, the program provided some $13 billion in U.S. ...
In 1947, with Greece embroiled in a civil war provoked by Communists, Britain was forced to suspend economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey. Worried that if those two countries succumbed to communism the entire Mediterranean region might follow, U.S. Pres. Harry Truman obtained $400 million in economic and military aid for Greece and Turkey.
Launched by Soviet Communist Party First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev at the 20th Party Congress (1956), De-Stalinization was a program of political reform that condemned the crimes committed by his predecessor, Joseph Stalin, destroyed Stalin’s image as an infallible leader, and promised a return to so-called socialist legality and Leninist princip...
Formulated by diplomat George F. Kennan and first pursued in the late 1940s, Containment was a U.S. foreign policy aimed at checking the alleged expansionist intentions of the Soviet Union. The policy called for the U.S. to apply counterpressure wherever the Soviets threatened to expand in the belief that they were sensitive to the logic of militar...
First proposed by Pres. Harry S. Truman to justify sending military aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1940s, the Domino Theory, a staple of Western Cold War thinking, held that the “fall” of a noncommunist state to communism would precipitate the fall of noncommunist governments in neighboring countries. It was later used to explain American involvem...
Put forth by Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev in 1968, largely as a response to the Prague Spring, the Brezhnev Doctrine called on the Soviet Union to intervene—including militarily—in countries where socialist rule was threatened. It severely limited reforms by Soviet-bloc countries in the ensuing decades. It was used to justify the Soviet invasion o...
The excesses of Joseph Stalin’s regime and the Soviet crackdown in Hungary (1956) and invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) alienated many communists in the Western countries and accelerated the growth of Eurocommunism, the trend among western European Communist parties toward independence from Soviet Communist Party doctrine during the 1970s and ’80s.
The period (1967-79) of increased U.S.-Soviet trade and cooperation, along with the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) treaties, was known as détente. U.S. détente policy sought to moderate Soviet behaviour through diplomatic accords and a system of rewards and punishments called “linkage” (e.g., tying grain sales to Soviet restr...
Initiated by Willy Brandt as foreign minister and then chancellor, Ostpolitik (German: “Eastern Policy”) was a West German foreign policy aimed at détente with Soviet-bloc countries. It recognized the East German government and expanded commercial relations with other Soviet-bloc countries. It culminated in a treaty with the U.S.S.R. renouncing the...
Learn about the strategies and tactics of the Cold War, the global conflict between the U.S. and the Soviet Union and their allies. Explore the policies, programs, theories, and speeches that shaped the era and its outcomes.
Soviet defectors to the West were an important tool in the propaganda battles of the Cold War. Their testimonies made for powerful, emotional, narratives which helped undermine Soviet propaganda. Defectors sometimes also provided critical insights into how active measures worked and how to fight back. But defectors often found
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Propaganda Campaigns During the Cold War. Daniel Le May 25, 2017. Submitted as coursework for PH241 , Stanford University, Winter 2017. Introduction. Fig. 1: A clip from a popular Duck and Cover propaganda film that was shown in schools and at home. (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Afterword: The Role of Propaganda in the Cold War and Its Implications Today. In: Political Warfare against the Kremlin. Global Conflict and Security since 1945. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230236936_9
Learn how the Soviet Union used Pravda to promote its \"peace campaign\" in the 1950s, both to defend itself against the West and to control its own citizens. Explore the goals, methods, and effects of this propaganda strategy during the Cold War.
