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Sankt Petersburg (russisch Санкт-Петербург Sankt-Peterburg; kurz auch St. Petersburg) ist mit 5,38 Millionen Einwohnern (Stand 2021) nach Moskau die zweitgrößte Stadt Russlands, die viertgrößte Europas und die nördlichste Millionenstadt der Erde.
Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of roughly 5.6 million residents as of 2021, with more than 6.4 million people living in the ...
- Overview
- Character of the city
- City site
- Climate
St. Petersburg, city and port, extreme northwestern Russia. A major historical and cultural centre and an important port, St. Petersburg lies about 400 miles (640 km) northwest of Moscow and only about 7° south of the Arctic Circle. It is the second largest city of Russia and one of the world’s major cities. St. Petersburg has played a vital role i...
St. Petersburg is a mecca of cultural, historical, and architectural landmarks. Founded by Tsar Peter I (the Great) as Russia’s “window on Europe,” it bears the unofficial status of Russia’s cultural capital and most European city, a distinction that it strives to retain in its perennial competition with Moscow. Three distinctive characteristics of...
St. Petersburg is located on the delta of the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland. The city spreads across 42 islands of the delta and across adjacent parts of the mainland floodplain. The very low and originally marshy site has subjected the city to recurrent flooding, especially in the autumn, when strong cyclonic winds drive gulf waters upstream, and also at the time of the spring thaw. Exceptionally severe inundations occurred in 1777, 1824, and 1924; the last two were the highest on record and flooded most of the city. To control the destructive floodwaters, the city built in the 1980s an 18-mile- (29-km-) long dike across the Gulf of Finland. A number of canals also have been cut to assist drainage.
Greater St. Petersburg—the city itself with its satellite towns— forms a horseshoe shape around the head of the Gulf of Finland and includes the island of Kotlin in the gulf. On the north it stretches westward along the shore for nearly 50 miles (80 km) to include Zelenogorsk. This northern extension is an area of dormitory towns, resorts, sanatoriums, and children’s camps set among extensive coniferous forests and fringed by fine beaches and sand dunes. Some upper-class St. Petersburg residents also have summer cottages, or dachas, in this area. On the southern side of the gulf, the metropolitan limits extend westward to include Peterhof and Lomonosov. Eastward, Greater St. Petersburg stretches up the Neva River to Ivanovskoye.
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The mitigating effect of the Atlantic Ocean provides St. Petersburg with a milder climate than might be expected for its far northern site. Nevertheless, winters are rather cold, with a mean January temperature of about 21 °F (−6 °C), a few degrees warmer than that for Moscow. Winter temperatures can drop below −40 °F (−40 °C), however. Snow cover ...
- Eremitage. Mit einer Ausstellungsfläche von 57.475 m², einer Lagerfläche von 45.000 m² und bis zu 4 Millionen Besucher jährlich ist die Eremitage eines der größten und bedeutendsten Museen in Europa und der ganzen Welt.
- Schlossplatz. Schwabski, Russland, Russlandreise, St. Petersburg, Neva, Kirche. Der Schlossplatz hat seinen Namen vom angrenzenden Winterpalast (Teil der Eremitage) und beherbergt in seiner Mitte die 47,5 m hohe Alexandersäule aus Granit.
- Schlossbrücke. Die Schlossbrücke befindet sich direkt am Schlossplatz und der Eremitage. Sie öffnet sich, wie viele weitere Brücken in Sankt Petersburg, in der Nacht, um die Durchfahrt für den Schiffsverkehr zu ermöglichen.
- Peter- und-Paul-Festung. Die Peter-und-Paul-Festung ist eine Festungsanlage die von Peter dem Großen 1703 gegründet wurde und als Grundsteinlegung der Stadt Sankt Petersburg gilt.
23. Dez. 2023 · Discover the cultural and historical heart of Russia, where you can admire art, palaces, and canals. Explore the Hermitage Museum, the Peter and Paul Fortress, the Peterhof Palace, and more.
Saint Petersburg (Russian: Са́нкт-Петербу́рг Sankt-Peterburg), known as Petrograd (Петроград) in 1914-1924 and Leningrad (Ленинград) in 1924-1991, is the second largest city of Russia, with 5.6 million inhabitants (2021), and the former capital of the Russian Empire. Founded in 1703, it is not ancient, but its ...
Explore the imperial palaces, museums, churches and parks of St Petersburg, the cultural capital of Russia. Discover the Hermitage, Catherine Palace, Peterhof, Mariinsky Theatre and more with Lonely Planet's tips and guides.
