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  1. 18. Feb. 2007 · Philosophy of History. The concept of history plays a fundamental role in human thought. It invokes notions of human agency, change, the role of material circumstances in human affairs, and the putative meaning of historical events. It raises the possibility of “learning from history.”.

  2. 12. Dez. 2023 · 4. Critical Theories Today. Marx defined critical theory as the “self-clarification of the struggles and wishes of the age” (Marx 1843). The vitality of this approach to critical theory depends on continually taking up this task in new social contexts, as the first generation of the Frankfurt School did.

  3. 21. Juli 2018 · Critical thinking is a widely accepted educational goal. Its definition is contested, but the competing definitions can be understood as differing conceptions of the same basic concept: careful thinking directed to a goal. Conceptions differ with respect to the scope of such thinking, the type of goal, the criteria and norms for thinking ...

  4. 6. Feb. 2001 · 1. Knowledge as Justified True Belief. There are three components to the traditional (“tripartite”) analysis of knowledge. According to this analysis, justified, true belief is necessary and sufficient for knowledge. The Tripartite Analysis of Knowledge:S knows that p iff. p is true; S believes that p;

  5. 20. Jan. 2023 · Stoicism. First published Fri Jan 20, 2023. [ Editor’s Note: The following new entry replaces the former entry on this topic by the previous author. Stoicism was one of the dominant philosophical systems of the Hellenistic period. The name derives from the porch ( stoa poikilê) in the Agora at Athens decorated with mural paintings, where the ...

  6. 4. Okt. 2004 · Logic and Ontology. First published Mon Oct 4, 2004; substantive revision Mon Mar 13, 2023. A number of important philosophical problems are at the intersection of logic and ontology. Both logic and ontology are diverse fields within philosophy and, partly because of this, there is not one single philosophical problem about the relation between ...

  7. 21. Mai 2009 · First published Thu May 21, 2009; substantive revision Tue Oct 20, 2020. The philosophical impact of early German romanticism in general and Georg Philipp Friedrich von Hardenberg (Novalis) in particular has typically been traced back to a series of fragments and reflections on poetry, art, and beauty. Moreover, his name has been associated ...