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  1. 25. Feb. 2022 · The Big Insight: Though NATO has expanded eastward since the end of the Cold War, it has rarely been called upon to fight — and only once on behalf of one of its member states after attack. No Labels. NATO was founded by 12 nations in 1949 and today has 30 member states, including three former Soviet republics and 11 former Eastern Bloc nations.

  2. 30. Jan. 2022 · To understand Russia’s claims of betrayal, it is necessary to review the reassurances then US secretary of state James A. Baker made to former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev during a meeting on ...

  3. 12. Dez. 2017 · As the newly declassified documents show, the Russians might have had a point. While it was previously understood that Secretary of State James Baker’s assurance to Gorbachev that NATO would not ...

  4. 3. Feb. 2022 · Dohnanyi stützte sich vorwiegend auf eine Veröffentlichung der Harvard-Professorin Mary Elise Sarotte, die in ihrem 2014 in zweiter Auflage erschienenen Buch "1989" feststellt, dass US-Außenminister James Baker Anfang Februar 1990 in seinen Verhandlungen über die deutsche Wiedervereinigung mit Präsident Gorbatschow vereinbart habe, dass die Nato keinerlei Erweiterung über die damalige ...

  5. 9. Nov. 2019 · Regarding the first series of negotiations: scholar Mary Sarotte has asserted that former US secretary of state James Baker, in his discussions with Gorbachev on German unification and Germany’s membership in NATO, had an informal verbal agreement that there would be no expansion of NATO. This is the so-called ‘promise’ that has been the source of so much controversy.

  6. 19. Jan. 2022 · It didn’t help that enlargement was at odds with U.S. Secretary of State James Baker’s verbal assurance to ... NATO expansion and blame the Ukraine crisis solely on Putin. The Russian leader ...

  7. 1. Apr. 2016 · The U.S.–West German position on NATO non-expansion served as the basis for meetings in Moscow on February 7–9, 1990, between U.S. officials, led by Secretary of State Baker, and their Soviet counterparts. 81 In line with descriptions of these meetings by Kramer, Sarotte, Spohr, Zelikow and Rice, and others, the partially declassified U.S. transcripts indicate that Baker repeatedly linked ...