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Learn about the British settlement of Australia, the role of British troops and colonial forces, and the conflicts with Aboriginal people and New Zealand Maori. Explore the history, photos and artefacts of the colonial period from 1788 to 1901.
The Commonwealth of Australia came into existence on 1 January 1901 as a federation of former British colonies, however the human history of Australia commences with the arrival of the first ancestors of Aboriginal Australians by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 50,000 and 65,000 years ago, and continues to the present day ...
The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early British colonial period of Australia's history. This started with the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Port Jackson on the lands of the Eora, and the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales as part of the British Empire.
This article discusses the history of Australia from the arrival of European explorers in the 16th century to the present. For a more detailed discussion of Aboriginal culture, see Australian Aboriginal peoples.
Along with the Aboriginal peoples, the Torres Strait Islander peoples were the first human inhabitants of Australia, and, like the Aboriginal peoples, they have a close connection with their traditional lands ( Country) and waterways and with nature.
Australia was a collection of British colonies from 1788 until 1901. The first colonies were established as places where criminals were sent to live and work. These were known as convict settlements or penal colonies. Later, colonies were established by free settlers.
The colonisation of Australia had a devastating impact on many Indigenous people who lived on this land for thousands of years. Learn more about the impact.
