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Fermionen (benannt nach Enrico Fermi) sind im physikalischen Sinne alle Teilchen, die der Fermi-Dirac-Statistik genügen. Nach dem Spin-Statistik-Theorem besitzen sie einen halbzahligen Spin, also , etc. Anschaulich gesprochen sind Fermionen diejenigen Teilchen, aus denen die Materie besteht.
In particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics. Fermions have a half-odd-integer spin ( spin 1/2, spin 3/2, etc.) and obey the Pauli exclusion principle. These particles include all quarks and leptons and all composite particles made of an odd number of these, such as all baryons and many atoms and nuclei.
In quantum field theory, a fermionic field is a quantum field whose quanta are fermions; that is, they obey Fermi–Dirac statistics. Fermionic fields obey canonical anticommutation relations rather than the canonical commutation relations of bosonic fields.
Description. An ideal Fermi gas or free Fermi gas is a physical model assuming a collection of non-interacting fermions in a constant potential well. Fermions are elementary or composite particles with half-integer spin, thus follow Fermi–Dirac statistics. The equivalent model for integer spin particles is called the Bose gas (an ensemble of ...
Fermi–Dirac statistics is a type of quantum statistics that applies to the physics of a system consisting of many non-interacting, identical particles that obey the Pauli exclusion principle. A result is the Fermi–Dirac distribution of particles over energy states.
A fermion is a category of elementary particles. They are very small and very light. Fermions can be thought of as the building blocks of matter because atoms are made up of fermions. Paul Dirac named them fermions in honor of the famous scientist Enrico Fermi .
Motivation and physical concept. General mathematical setting. Definition of a causal fermion system. The causal action principle. Inherent structures. Causal structure. Spinors and wave functions. The fermionic projector. Connection and curvature. The Euler–Lagrange equations and the linearized field equations. Conserved surface layer integrals.
