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Vor 15 Stunden · Hubble's law, also known as the Hubble–Lemaître law, [1] is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distance. In other words, the farther they are, the faster they are moving away from Earth.
Vor 15 Stunden · The Baroque ( UK: / bəˈrɒk / bə-ROK, US: /- ˈroʊk / -ROHK; French: [baʁɔk]) or Baroquism [1] is a Western style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from the early 17th century until the 1750s. [2] It followed Renaissance art and Mannerism and preceded the Rococo (in the past ...
- 17th–18th centuries
Vor 15 Stunden · However, no matter how technologically neutral this country has become, it is still not a legal tender here. With such restrictions, the country can’t actively participate in the maturation of ...
- Historical Background
- Feminist Thought
- Forms: Structural, Political, Representational
- Key Concepts
- Practical Applications
- Criticism
- Intersectionality and Education
- Psychology
- Further Reading
- External Links
The concept of intersectionality was introduced to the field of legal studies by black feminist scholar Kimberlé Crenshaw, who used the term in a pair of essayspublished in 1989 and 1991. Intersectionality originated in critical race studies and demonstrates a multifaceted connection between race, gender, and other systems that work together to opp...
In 1989, Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term intersectionality as a way to help explain the oppression of African-American women in her essay "Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A black Feminist Critique of Anti-discrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics". Crenshaw's term has risen to the forefront of national con...
Kimberlé Crenshaw, in "Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color",uses and explains three different forms of intersectionality to describe the violence that women experience. According to Crenshaw, there are three forms of intersectionality: structural, political, and representational intersectio...
Interlocking matrix of oppression
Collins refers to the various intersections of social inequality as the matrix of domination. These are also known as "vectors of oppression and privilege".: 204 These terms refer to how differences among people (sexual orientation, class, race, age, etc.) serve as oppressive measures towards women and change the experience of living as a woman in society. Collins, Audre Lorde (in Sister Outsider), and bell hooks point towards either/or thinking as an influence on this oppression and as furth...
Standpoint epistemology and the outsider within
Both Collins and Dorothy Smith have been instrumental in providing a sociological definition of standpoint theory. A standpoint is an individual's world perspective. The theoretical basis of this approach views societal knowledge as being located within an individual's specific geographic location. In turn, knowledge becomes distinct and subjective; it varies depending on the social conditions under which it was produced.: 392 The concept of the outsider within refers to a standpoint encompas...
Resisting oppression
Speaking from a critical standpoint, Collins points out that Brittan and Maynard say that "domination always involves the objectification of the dominated; all forms of oppression imply the devaluation of the subjectivity of the oppressed".: S18 She later notes that self-valuation and self-definition are two ways of resisting oppression, and claims the practice of self-awareness helps to preserve the self-esteem of the group that is being oppressed while allowing them to avoid any dehumanizin...
Intersectionality has been applied in many fields from politics, education healthcare, and employment, to economics. For example, within the institution of education, Sandra Jones' research on working-class women in academia takes into consideration meritocracy within all social strata, but argues that it is complicated by race and the external for...
Lisa Downing argues that intersectionality focuses too much on group identities, which can lead it to ignore the fact that people are individuals, not just members of a class. Ignoring this can cause intersectionality to lead to a simplistic analysis and inaccurate assumptions about how a person's values and attitudes are determined. Some conservat...
Different methods of teaching/accessibility
Laura Gonzales and Janine Butler argue that intersectionality can be helpful to provide an open perspective that helps study multiple inclusive learning processes, formalities, and strategies in order to decrease the risk of academic disadvantages/inequity because of anyone's social, economic, or class level. Inclusivity in education is a direct product of intersectionality, as it takes into consideration elements of peoples' identity. Different, more inclusive styles of teaching have gained...
Writing programs on race and gender
Inclusion of intersectionality is meant to "Trouble the Boundaries" and pave the way for a more diverse writing program in Predominantly White Institutions (PWI). Writing programs are very closely linked by the influence of race and gender. Both of the authors Collin Lamout Craig and Staci Maree write about their experiences in writing program's as administrators in a predominantly white midwestern institution. One big culture shock to them was the underrepresentation of people of color and m...
Researchers in psychology have incorporated intersection effects since the 1950s. These intersection effects were based on studying the lenses of biases, heuristics, stereotypes, and judgments. Psychologists have extended research in psychological biases to the areas of cognitive and motivational psychology. What is found, is that every human mind ...
Carastathis, Anna (2013). "Basements and Intersections". Hypatia. 28 (4): 698–715. doi:10.1111/hypa.12044. ISSN 0887-5367. JSTOR 24542081. S2CID 143824123– via ResearchGate.Carastathis, Anna (2014). "The Concept of Intersectionality in Feminist Theory". Philosophy Compass. 9 (5): 304–314. doi:10.1111/phc3.12129– via ResearchGate.Collins, Patricia Hill (1990). "Defining Black Feminist Thought". Women of Color Web. Archived from the originalon 11 December 2006.Collins, Patricia Hill (2019). Intersectionality as Critical Social Theory. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-1-4780-0709-8.Quotations related to Intersectionalityat WikiquoteThe dictionary definition of intersectionalityat WiktionaryVor 15 Stunden · Sir Anthony Charles Lynton Blair KG (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007. He served as Leader of the Opposition from 1994 to 1997 and held various shadow cabinet posts from 1987 to 1994. Blair was Member of Parliament (MP ...
Vor 4 Stunden · Hold onto your seats for an electrifying experience! Today, the team at NeedGod.net is diving deep into thought-provoking conversations on OmeTV or Monkey (s...
Vor 15 Stunden · Spanish. The Southern United States, sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States of America. It is between the Atlantic Ocean and the Western United States, with the Midwestern and Northeastern United States ...
