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  1. www.britannica.com › biography › Charles-XIICharles XII | Accomplishments, Invasion of Russia, & Death

    12. Apr. 2024 · Charles XII, king of Sweden (1697–1718) who defended his country for 18 years during the Great Northern War and promoted significant domestic reforms. He launched a disastrous invasion of Russia (1707–09), resulting in the complete collapse of the Swedish armies and the loss of Sweden’s status as a great power.

  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Charles_XII_of_SwedenCharles XII of Sweden - Wikipedia

    Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII (Swedish: Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken , a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach .

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  4. www.encyclopedia.com › charles-xiiCharles Xii | Encyclopedia.com

    23. Mai 2018 · CHARLES XII (SWEDEN) (1682 – 1718; ruled 1697 – 1718), king of Sweden. The son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark, Charles was raised in the context of Sweden's transition to absolutism.

  5. www.britannica.com › place › SwedenSweden - Charles XII, Expansion, War | Britannica

    Charles XII began his Russian offensive in 1707. The Russians for the first time used a scorched-earth strategy, thus diverting the Swedish armies from Moscow to Ukraine, where the Swedes suffered a crushing defeat at Poltava in June 1709.

  6. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › History_of_Charles_XIIHistory of Charles XII - Wikipedia

    History of Charles XII (French: Histoire de Charles XII) is a historical work by the French historian, philosopher, and writer Voltaire about Charles XII, king of Sweden. It was first published in 1731.

    • Histoire de Charles XII
    • Voltaire
    • 1731

  7. www.military-history.org › feature › 18th-centuryBattle Royal: Charles XII of Sweden | Military History Matters

    18. Sept. 2018 · On 5 April 1697, the Swedish Prince Charles, also known as Carl, became King of Sweden at the age of 15 following the death of his father, Charles XI. During his 36-year reign, Sweden would go on to lose between 10% and 20% of its population during what became known as the Great Northern War.

  8. www.britannica.com › summary › Charles-XIICharles XII summary | Britannica

    Charles XII, Swedish Karl, (born June 17, 1682, Stockholm, Swed.—died Nov. 30, 1718, Fredrikshald, Nor.), King of Sweden (1697–1718). Son of Charles XI, he became absolute monarch at age 15. He defended his country for 18 years in the Second Northern War, gradually taking increased responsibility for planning and executing armed operations.

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