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The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory. In: Blum, W., Dürr, HP., Rechenberg, H. (eds) Scientific Review Papers, Talks, and Books Wissenschaftliche Übersichtsartikel, Vorträge und Bücher. Gesammelte Werke / Collected Works, vol B. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61742-3_10
- Arthur H. Compton, Werner Heisenberg
- 1930
The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory (German: Physikalischen Prinzipien der Quantentheorie publisher: S. Hirzel Verlag, 1930) by Nobel laureate (1932) Werner Heisenberg and subsequently translated by Carl Eckart and Frank C. Hoyt. The book was first published in 1930 by University of Chicago Press.
- Arthur H. Compton, Werner Heisenberg
- 183 (1st edition)
- 1930
- 1930
the general transformation theory and the quantum theory of wave fields was not available in English at the time the manuscript was pre pared. The former bas since been treated in several texts (E. U. Con don and P. M. Morse, Quantum Jf e~;hanks; A E. Ruark H. C. Urey, Aloms, Mokctduallll Qu<lftla; both published by McGmw·Hill).
- Arthur H. Compton, Werner Heisenberg
- 1930
- Gr. Temple.
- § 2. Selective Operators.
- G. Temple.
- § 4. Transition Probabilities.
- = V (B,j) Pa
- — E AyjBjj..
- p(ABA),
- i.e., by
- G. Temple.
- § 8. Conjugate Variables.
- of the Quantum Theory.
- 1. General.
sitions of a system from one state to another, and of the probability of these transitions. The general principles themselves relate exclusively to the mathematical representation of these physical concepts. They assert that a system is represented by a certain Hilbertian space the states of the system by rays or unit vectors, a, % ..., in the syst...
The general interpretation of the quantum theory given by Bohr, Heisen berg and Dirac has stressed the uncertain and unpredictable character of experimental observations. It is clearly as impossible to base the quantum theory on these negative qualities alone as to ground the theory of relativity Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory. 481 solel...
Furthermore, two characters may be exclusive in the sense that no system possessing either character can receive the impress of the other character, i.e., the process yields a null result. In symbols, exclusiveness implies that PQ = 0 = QP, where 0 is the null operator. The preceding concepts have analogies in genetic biology. Here the process whic...
The preceding section outlines the “ descriptive ” theory of spectral analysis, the axioms of which appear to be an immediate induction from the customary methods of physical measurement. The “ metrical ” theory of spectral analysis depends upon two additional assumptions regarding the probabilities of transition from one state to another. These as...
in particular the matrix operators of the operator E„ are all null operators except the one with character (En, En) for which § 5. The Matrix Representation of Operators. The fact that the matrix operators of P and of the set {En}, together with the numerical operators, form a field which is closed with respect to multiplication implies that these ...
Therefore the matrix representing AB is the ordinary matrix product of the matrices representing A and B. The representation of the operators by matrices implies a simultaneous representation of the states of a system by vectors in the space ?1). The action of the physical processes denoted by the operators upon the states of the system is then rep...
—the required result. This expression for the transition probability is exact, whereas the first expression deduced below for the average value of a variable is only an approximation, subsequently made exact by a passage to a limit. We can now obtain a simple expression for the average value of a variable \\ in the state specified by the projective ...
where E (/) = S /(* J Sp (AP„), 11 Sp (A/(S)), / (S) = 2/(*„) P„. § 7. Congruent Transformations and Unitary Operators. Further progress in the theory of the representation of operators requires the powerful methods of group theory introduced by Weyl.f The argument is that a group of congruent transformations of a physical quantity ^ induces a corr...
projective operators taken as the basis, the matrix operator of character (E3., Ek) is U,fc = E,UEfc. From the unitary property of U it follows, by the usual argument, that the j, ^-matrix element of U and the k, j -matrix conjugate complex numbers. When the variable which is the subject of a congruent transformation is the time, the corresponding ...
The set of congruent transformations of a single variable \\ form a group, and, since there is isomorphic correspondence between these transformations and the unitary transformations which they induce in the system space, these latter must also form a group. An individual transformation of this group, V (s) will be distinguished by a parameter s whi...
seutation of such variables as statistical operators and as unitary operators. The variable £ is represented either by the statistical operator S = Sx„P„, or by the group of unitary operators U(X) = exp S). It is clear that if the variable conjugate to £ is continuously variable, the group {U (X)} is also continuous and that its infinitesimal ...
Metal electrodes immersed in air free solutions of KC1 were found to come to a definite reproducible potential. From the Nernst expression, this potential corresponds to a certain concentration in the solution of the ion of the electrode metal. Chemical analysis showed that the concentration that actually exists in the bulk of the solution is much ...
The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2022. Donald H. Menzel and. David Layzer. Article. Metrics. Get access. Share. Cite.
His matrix theory is one of the bases of modern quantum mechanics, while his "uncertainty principle" has altered our whole philosophy of science. In this classic, based on lectures delivered at the...
26. März 2013 · The physical principles of the quantum theory. by. Heisenberg, Werner, 1901-1976. Publication date. 1950. Topics. Quantum theory. Publisher. [New York] Dover Publications.
