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The unification of Germany (German: Deutsche Einigung, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʔaɪnɪɡʊŋ] ⓘ) was a process of building the first nation-state for Germans with federal features based on the concept of Lesser Germany (one without Habsburgs' multi-ethnic Austria or its German-speaking part).
- German reunification - Wikipedia
German reunification (German: Deutsche Wiedervereinigung)...
- Unification of Germany - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Unification of Germany occurred in the 19th century....
- German reunification - Wikipedia
The unification of Germany was achieved under the leadership of the Chancellor Otto von Bismarck with the formation of the German Empire in 1871. The new Reichstag, an elected parliament, had only a limited role in the imperial government. Germany joined the other powers in colonial expansion in Africa and the Pacific.
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On 1 August 1945, the Potsdam Agreement, promulgated in the Potsdam Conference, among other things agreed on the initial terms under which the Allies of World War II would govern Germany. A provisional German–Polish border known as the Oder–Neisse line awarded, in theory within the context of that "provisional border", most of Germany's former east...
The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany was signed in Moscow on 12 September 1990,: 363 and paved the way for German reunification on 3 October 1990. Under the terms of the treaty, the Four Powers renounced all rights they formerly held in Germany, including those regarding the city of Berlin.[page needed] Upon deposit of the las...
Russian withdrawal from Germany
After the Soviet Union dissolved itself in December 1991, the command unit of the Soviet Group of Soviet Forces in Germany devolved to the Russian Federation. The German government subsequently recognized the Russian Federation's claim to be the successor state of the Soviet Union, including the right to maintain troops in Germany until the end of 1994. However, with post-Soviet Russia facing severe economic hardship, President Boris Yeltsinordered Russian troop deployment in Germany to be re...
Bundeswehr after the treaty
In the first decade of the 21st century, the Bundeswehr underwent a gradual transformation to a fully professional force. By 1 July 2011, the date on which Germany voluntarily suspended conscription, the Bundeswehr retained fewer than 250,000 active duty personnel – barely two thirds of the country's treaty limit. The defence minister at the time, Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, said that a cut to 185,000 persons was on the horizon.
Russia and the Western countries signed in 1990 the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe and in 1991 the Energy Charter Treaty, establishing a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the energy industry, principally the fossil fuel industry; Russia postponed ratification of the latter treaty, linking it to the adoption of th...
Trachtenberg, Marc. "The United States and the NATO Non-extension Assurances of 1990: New Light on an Old Problem?" International Security 45:3 (2021): 162–203. https://doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00395...Sarotte, M. E. (2021). Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of Post-Cold War Stalemate. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300259933.Full text in English (PDF format; Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office on the Foreign and Commonwealth Officewebsite)- 13 February 1990
- 12 September 1990
- 15 March 1991
The unification of Germany was a process of building the first nation-state for Germans with federal features based on the concept of Lesser Germany. It commenced on 18 August 1866 with adoption of the North German Confederation Treaty establishing the North German Confederation, initially a military alliance de facto dominated by Prussia which ...
Contents. Germany from 1871 to 1918. The German Empire, 1871–1914. Unification of Germany by Prussia. The unification of Germany by Prussia, which brought most of north-central Europe into one kingdom. (more) The German Empire was founded on January 18, 1871, in the aftermath of three successful wars by the North German state of Prussia.
