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27. Feb. 2020 · 462. Linus Pauling Vitamin wurde ihm zum Verhängnis. Linus Pauling ist der einzige Forscher, dem zwei ungeteilte Nobelpreise verliehen wurden: für Chemie und Frieden. In Erinnerung bleiben sein unermüdlicher Kampf um Abrüstung und das halsstarrige Festhalten am Vitamin C als Allheilmittel. Stand: 27.02.2020 | Archiv | Bildnachweis.
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- Summary
- Function
- Bioavailability
- Deficiency
- The Recommended Dietary Allowance
- Disease Prevention
- Disease Treatment
- Sources
- Safety
- Linus Pauling Institute Recommendation
Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin. Unlike most mammals and other animals, humans do not have the ability to synthesize vitamin C and must obtain it from the diet....Vitamin C is an essential cofactor in numerous enzymatic reactions, e.g., in the biosynthesis of collagen, carnitine, and neuropeptides, and in the regulation of gene expression. It is also a poten...Prospective cohort studies indicate that higher vitamin C status, assessed by measuring circulating vitamin C, is associated with lower risks of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke. (M...There is some evidence to suggest that vitamin C may be a useful adjunct to conventional medical practice to reduce myocardial injury and arrhythmia following a cardiac procedure or surgery in pati...Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is a potent reducing agent, meaning that it readily donates electrons to recipient molecules (Figure 1). Related to this oxidation-reduction (redox) potential, two major functions of vitamin C are as an antioxidant and as an enzyme cofactor (1). Vitamin C is the primary water-soluble, non-enzymatic antioxidant in plasma ...
Depletion-repletion pharmacokinetic experiments demonstrated that plasma vitamin C concentration is tightly controlled by three primary mechanisms: intestinal absorption, tissue transport, and renal reabsorption (22). In response to increasing oral doses of vitamin C, plasma vitamin C concentration rises steeply at intakes between 30 and 100 mg/day...
Severe vitamin C deficiency has been known for many centuries as the potentially fatal disease, scurvy. By the late 1700s, the British navy was aware that scurvy could be cured by eating oranges or lemons, even though vitamin C would not be isolated until the early 1930s. Symptoms of scurvy include subcutaneous bleeding, poor wound closure, and bru...
The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin C is based on the amount of vitamin C intake necessary to maintain neutrophil vitamin C concentration with minimal urinary excretion of vitamin C and is proposed to provide sufficient antioxidant protection (Table 2) (35). The recommended intake for smokers is 35 mg/day higher than for nonsmokers,...
The amount of vitamin C required to help prevent chronic disease is higher than the amount required for prevention of scurvy. Information regarding vitamin C and the prevention of chronic disease is based on both observational prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (29, 37). Prospective cohort studies can examine the incidence ...
Cardiovascular disease
Periprocedural myocardial injury: Coronary angioplasty (also called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) is a nonsurgical procedure for treating obstructive coronary heart disease (CHD), including unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, and multivessel CHD. Angioplasty involves temporarily inserting and inflating a tiny balloon into the clogged artery to help restore the blood flow to the heart. Periprocedural myocardial injury that occurs in up to one-third of patie...
Sepsis
Sepsis and septic shock — defined as persistent sepsis-induced low blood pressure — are associated with elevated mortality rates in critically ill patients (150, 151). Because systemic inflammatory responses involve excessive oxidative stress, it has been suggested that providing antioxidant nutrients like vitamin C may improve the outcome of critically ill patients in intensive care units. In addition, hypovitaminosis C is common in critically ill patients, especially in those with septic sh...
Cancer
Studies in the 1970s and 1980s conducted by Linus Pauling, Ewan Cameron, and colleagues suggested that large doses of vitamin C (10 g/day infused intravenously for 10 days followed by at least 10 g/day orally indefinitely) were helpful in increasing the survival time and improving the quality of life of terminal cancer patients (158). Controversy surrounding the efficacy of vitamin C in cancer treatment ensued, leading to the recognition that the route of vitamin C administration is critical...
Unlike plants and most animals, humans have lost the ability to synthesize vitamin C endogenously and therefore have an essential dietary requirement for this vitamin (see The Recommended Dietary Allowance). Results from 7,277 participants in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 indicated that an estimated 7.1%...
Toxicity
A number of possible adverse health effects of very large doses of vitamin C have been identified, mainly based on in vitro experiments or isolated case reports, and include genetic mutations, birth defects, cancer, atherosclerosis, kidney stones, "rebound scurvy," increased oxidative stress, excess iron absorption, vitamin B12 deficiency, and erosion of dental enamel. However, none of these alleged adverse health effects have been confirmed in subsequent studies, and there is no reliable sci...
Kidney stones
Because oxalate is a metabolite of vitamin C, there is some concern that high vitamin C intake could increase the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Some (24, 191, 192), but not all (193-195), studies have reported that supplemental vitamin C increases urinary oxalate concentrations. Whether any increase in oxalate levels would translate to an elevation in risk for kidney stones has been examined in several epidemiological studies. Two large prospective cohort studies, one following 45,25...
Drug interactions
Overall, evidence suggesting specific drugs can lower blood vitamin C concentrations in humans is limited. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (e.g., nicardipine, nifedipine) can inhibit vitamin C uptake by intestinal cells in vitro. However, a reduction in blood vitamin C concentrations with these drugs has not been reported in humans (200). Aspirin can impair vitamin C status if taken frequently (201). Conversely, there are case reports suggesting that supplemental vitamin C may lower...
Combined evidence from metabolic, pharmacokinetic, and observational studies, and from randomized controlled trials supports consuming sufficient vitamin C to achieve plasma concentrations of at least 60 μmol/L. While most generally healthy young adults can achieve these plasma concentrations with daily vitamin C intake of at least 200 mg/day, some...
Using this approach, Dr. Pauling suggested in the early 1970s that the optimum daily intake may be about 2,000 milligrams of vitamin C and that everyone should get at least 200 to 250 mg/day. In a 1974 radio interview, he noted that "the first 250 mg is more important than any later 250 mg.
19. Apr. 2018 · Der Nobelpreisträger Linus Pauling war ein Anhänger der orthomolekularen Medizin, die behauptete, dass viele Krankheiten durch die Gabe von hochdosierten Vitaminen verursacht oder behandelt werden können. Er empfahl täglich 1000 mg Vitamin C zur Vorbeugung von Erkältungen und gegen Krebs, was er als 45%-Reduzierung des Risikos begründete. Er selbst konsumierte um die 40g Vitamine am Tag. Erfahren Sie mehr über seine Idee, seine Begründung und seine Folgen.
12. Apr. 2023 · Als Pauling Ende der 1960er Jahre seine Thesen aufstellt, sind viele Menschen ohnehin längst von der Wunderwirkung wenigstens eines Vitamins überzeugt: Vitamin C. Und zwar Dank einer groß ...
- Daniela Wakonigg
- April 19, 2023
29. Juni 2017 · In der Tat war er von Vitamin C so sehr beeindruckt, dass er selbst 18 Gramm davon täglich zu sich nahm. Er war der festen Überzeugung, dass die Vitamine nicht nur Erkältungen vorbeugen können, sondern sogar Krebserkrankungen. Mythos Vitamin C. Ironischerweise starb Pauling 1994 im Alter von 93 Jahren an Prostatakrebs.
18. Aug. 2023 · Besonders das Vitamin C hatte es Linus Carl Pauling angetan. Pauling nahm an, dass der Mensch im Laufe der Evolution die Fähigkeit zur körpereigenen Produktion von Vitamin C verloren habe. Dies ist den meisten Lebewesen nach wie vor möglich.
