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definition has its drawbacks. Philosophy of religion is now a very flourishing branch of philosophy. Thirty years or so ago, specialists in philosophy of religion were a rare breed. But they are now very common, and they publish a lot. Many of them would describe themselves as philosophers of religion.
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- INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY: PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
- DEDICATION
- INTRODUCTION TO THE SERIES
- OVERVIEW OF THE SERIES
- PRAISE FOR THE BOOK
- BEAU BRANSON, BOOK EDITOR
- CHRISTINA HENDRICKS, SERIES EDITOR
- INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK
- GLOSSARY
- AN EXPLANATION OF THE BOOK’S STRUCTURE
- Questions to Consider
- REASONS TO BELIEVE – THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS
- CONCLUSION
- 10. What sorts of distractions, amusements, or biases could prevent someone from noticing an experience of the inconsolable longing?
- INTRODUCTION
- THE INCOHERENCE OF DIVINE ATTRIBUTES
- KEY TERMS
- THE PATTERN OF DEBUNKING ARGUMENTS
- THE DEBUNKING SCIENCE, COGNITIVE SCIENCE OF RELIGION
- VARIETIES OF ERROR-PRONENESS
- 6. How could a misattribution argument avoid the charge of methodological naturalism?
- FROM PHILOSOPHY OF (MONO)THEISM TO PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGIONS
- priori
- analogy
- Ātman
- belief-forming faculty
- Brahman
- Buddha-nature ( 佛性佛性)
- classical theism
- Cognitive Science of Religion
- contingent
- cosmological argument
- Dao ( 道道)
- debunking argument
- entropy
- epistemic deficiency
- Midrash
- moral evils
- mystical experience
- natural evils
- ontological argument
- predicates
- prima facie
- religious pluralism
- teleological argument
- theistic belief
- theurgy
- Vedānta
- REVIEWERS
BEAU BRANSON, MARCUS WILLIAM HUNT, TIMOTHY D KNEPPER, ROBERT SLOAN LEE, STEVEN STEYL, HANS VAN EYGHEN, BEAU BRANSON (BOOK EDITOR), AND CHRISTINA HENDRICKS (SERIES EDITOR)
To Roger Branson — the best dad I ever had. For all the sacrifices I know you made. And for all the ones I don’t. See the next section, “How to Access and Use the Books,” for more information on what the open license on this book allows, and how to properly attribute the work when reusing, redistributing, or adapting.
CHRISTINA HENDRICKS This book is part of the Introduction to Philosophy open textbook series, a set of nine (and counting?) open access textbooks that are designed to be used for introductory-level, survey courses in philosophy at the post-secondary level.
This set of books is meant to provide an introduction to some of the major topic areas often covered in introductory-level philosophy courses. I have found in teaching students new to philosophy that many struggle with the new ideas, questions, and approaches they find in introductory courses in philosophy, and that it can be helpful to provide the...
Philosophy of Religion provides an accessible introduction to several traditional as well as contemporary debates in the philosophy of religion, especially as developed in Europe, North America, and English-speaking countries around the world. The chapters provide overviews of traditional and non-traditional theistic arguments, surveys of atheistic...
I’d like first to acknowledge Christina Hendricks, the series editor for the Introduction to Philosophy open textbook series of which this book is a part. A great debt is owed to her for her vision and initiative in conceiving of and executing the plan for the series as a whole. One of the most natural impulses for human beings is to ask questions,...
I would like to thank the authors in this book for their patience as we worked through the process of conceiving the book and getting it to publication. Because this is one of the first books to be published in the Introduction to Philosophy open textbook series, we were sometimes creating processes and workflows as we went along, and this meant th...
BEAU BRANSON This short book mostly covers some of the more influential, or just interesting, arguments for and against belief in God. There are many other interesting philosophical questions that arise in the context of specific theological commitments (some philosophers would categorize these arguments under the heading of “philosophical theology...
There is a glossary at the end of this book. If you are reading the book on the web you will find glossary terms in the text with hyperlinks to their definitions. Click on the terms and the definition should pop up on the screen. If you are reading the book in another form you may only see the glossary terms in bold, and you will need to go to the ...
A parting note of explanation (or defense!) may be in order, as to why the first chapters of the book approach philosophy of religion in just the way Knepper criticizes, and yet the final chapter argues against this approach. So, why include both Chapter 6 and Chapters 1 through 5? Is this a contradiction? To this question, there are two simple ans...
Brainstorm definitions of “philosophy” and “religion.” To what extent do those definitions overlap, or differ? Consider a belief system like Buddhism or Confucianism. How do the definitions you came up with categorize that belief system? Do you think your definitions get the right result? What does this say about the relation between philosophy and...
MARCUS WILLIAM HUNT Thinking about God brings together our powers of speculation, our deepest values, and our greatest hopes and fears. It is therefore fertile philosophical territory. Some of the arguments for belief in God are theoretical in that they appeal to our reason. Other arguments are practical in that they invoke God to make sense of som...
We have looked at some arguments that purport to provide evidence for God’s existence either by invoking God as an explanation for various aspects of the world (the teleological and cosmological arguments) or by analysis of the concept of God (the ontological argument). Each argument has formidable proponents and detractors, and both the arguments ...
OTHER NON-STANDARD ARGUMENTS FOR GOD’S EXISTENCE The arguments considered above are not the only non-standard arguments for rational belief in God’s existence. Many other arguments for God’s existence have been developed and defended by philosophers—even within the last fifty years. A good place to begin is the following text which covers a wide va...
Arguments against God, religious belief, and the supernatural have long attracted the attention of philosophers. Atheism, as a socially viable, seriously considered alternative to theism, has taken root only in the last few centuries, but many arguments now associated with atheism have been debated in philosophical circles for much longer—not in th...
Philosophers have been thinking about God’s properties for millennia. One popular argument against this concept of God also arises from such reflection. It maintains that the omni-properties are either internally or externally incoherent, and therefore a god which possesses these traits cannot possibly exist. Omnipotence, as defined above, is a com...
Some general key terms I will use below are: Belief-forming faculty (BFF): Any human mechanism or ability that gives rise to beliefs. Examples are visual perception or reasoning. Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR): The discipline that offers explanations of how and why humans form religious beliefs, have religious experiences or manifest religious...
As we will see below, debunking arguments attack the epistemic status of theistic beliefs in a number of ways. But all of these arguments follow roughly the following pattern of claiming that human belief-forming faculties (BFFs) are prone to produce erroneous or false beliefs. The shared pattern is the following: Science shows that theistic belief...
Most recent debunking arguments refer to theories from Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR). CSR consists of a large number of rather different theories that probe the mental or cognitive mechanisms that produce theistic and other religious beliefs. They nonetheless converge on some claims. Two claims in particular are important for debunking argum...
We now have a general pattern for debunking arguments and some grasp of the science to which they 5. This theory is known as the "theory-theory." refer. Debunkers differ considerably in how they argue for premise (1), the claim that theistic beliefs are formed by BFFs that are error-prone. In this section, I discuss 3 ways in which they argue for t...
CONCLUSION In this chapter, I laid out what debunking arguments against theistic belief are and what common features they share. I also discussed three debunking arguments against theistic belief based on CSR and four potential responses.
TIMOTHY D KNEPPER If you have studied the previous chapters in this book, by now you will have learned all about philosophy of religion in what I have called the “theistic” tradition, but for the sake of this collection will call the “(mono)theistic” tradition.1 This tradition begins in the European Enlightenment, though it has roots that stretch b...
Latin phrase literally meaning "from what comes before." In this context, what is a priori is what is presupposed at the outset before one even begins looking at the evidence. For example, things that are true by definition or simply truths of logic or basic math would normally be taken to be known a priori, whereas what's in today's newspaper coul...
A comparison between two objects, or systems of objects, that highlights respects in which they are thought to be similar.
For some Hindu philosophies, especially Vedānta, Ātman is the inner self or soul, which is not to be confused with the bodily or mental self. In some Vedānta philosophies, Ātman is thought to be identical with ultimate reality (Brahman); in other cases these are thought to be different; and in still other cases, they are considered both similar an...
Any human mechanism or ability that gives rise to beliefs. Examples are visual perception or reasoning.
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
Thomas D. Carroll is Senior Lecturer in General Education at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), where he teaches courses in Philosophy, Religious Studies, and Core GE. His areas of specialization are comparative ethics, history of analytic philosophy, and philosophy of religion. Helena Fisher is in her final year of BA philosophy at Un...
12. März 2007 · Philosophy of religion is the philosophical examination of the themes and concepts involved in religious traditions as well as the broader philosophical task of reflecting on matters of religious significance including the nature of religion itself, alternative concepts of God or ultimate reality, and the religious significance of ...
21. Juni 2007 · As a distinct discipline, the philosophy of religion is an innovation of the last two hundred years, but its central topics—the existence and nature of the divine, humankind's relation to it, the nature of religion and its place in human life—have been with us since the inception of philosophy.
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion provides a broad overview of the topics which are at the forefront of discussion in contemporary philosophy of religion. Prominent views and arguments from both historical and con-temporary authors are discussed and analyzed. The book treats all of the central topics in the field, including the ...
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion provides a broad overview of the topics which are at the forefront of discussion in contemporary philosophy of religion. Prominent views and arguments from both historical and con-temporary authors are discussed and analyzed.
19. Apr. 2021 · ISBN 13: 9781989014233. Publisher: Rebus Community. Language: English. Formats Available. PDF. Online. eBook. ODF. XML. Conditions of Use. Attribution. CC BY. Reviews. Table of Contents. 1. The Intertwining of Philosophy and Religion in the Western Tradition. 2. Reasons to Believe – Theoretical Arguments. 3.
